Phy – Chapter 7: Thermal Properties of Matter

1

Which of the following is a difference between heat and temperature?

A Heat is measured in degrees, temperature in joules. B Heat is a form of energy, temperature is a measure of average kinetic energy. C Heat depends on the thermometer used, temperature does not. D Heat is always larger than temperature.

2

Which part of a liquid-in-glass thermometer contains the liquid?

A Stem B Bulb C Scale D Capillary bore

3

In the kinetic molecular model, what happens to the average speed of gas particles when the temperature of the gas increases?

A It decreases. B It remains the same. C It increases. D It becomes zero.

4

The random motion of particles suspended in a fluid due to collisions with molecules is called:

A Diffusion B Brownian motion C Convection D Radiation

5

What is the function of the bulb in a liquid-in-glass thermometer?

A It contains the liquid that expands when heated. B It provides a scale for reading temperature. C It magnifies the liquid column. D It protects the thermometer from breaking.

6

Which liquid is most commonly used in a liquid-in-glass thermometer because of its suitable properties?

A Water B Mercury C Alcohol D Kerosene

7

According to the kinetic molecular theory, which state of matter has particles that are closely packed and can only vibrate about fixed positions?

A Solid B Liquid C Gas D Plasma

8

A clinical thermometer usually has a constriction in its capillary tube. What is the main purpose of this constriction?

A To make the thermometer more sensitive B To prevent the liquid from falling back immediately after reading C To increase the range of the thermometer D To make the thermometer cheaper

9

According to the kinetic molecular theory, what is the main difference between solids and liquids regarding particle motion?

A Particles in solids have more kinetic energy than in liquids B Particles in solids vibrate about fixed positions, while in liquids they can move past each other C Particles in solids move randomly like gas particles D Particles in liquids are completely stationary

10

Which thermometer is most suitable for measuring the temperature of a person?

A Clinical thermometer B Laboratory thermometer C Digital thermometer D Both A and C

11

In a clinical thermometer, why is there a constriction (kink) in the capillary tube near the bulb?

A To increase the range of the thermometer. B To prevent mercury from flowing back into the bulb immediately after reading. C To make the thermometer more sensitive. D To allow mercury to expand uniformly.

12

A thermometer has a small bulb and a very narrow capillary bore. What property of the thermometer does this design mainly affect?

A Range B Sensitivity C Linearity D Durability

13

On the Celsius scale, the fixed points for a liquid-in-glass thermometer are:

A 0 °C (ice point) and 100 °C (steam point) B 32 °C (ice point) and 212 °C (steam point) C 273 °C (ice point) and 373 °C (steam point) D -10 °C (ice point) and 110 °C (steam point)

14

According to the kinetic molecular theory, what is the main difference between the particles of a solid and a gas?

A Solid particles are stationary, while gas particles move freely. B Solid particles vibrate about fixed positions, while gas particles move randomly at high speeds. C Solid particles are larger than gas particles. D Solid particles have no kinetic energy, while gas particles do.

15

What is the range of a typical clinical thermometer?

A 0 °C to 100 °C B 35 °C to 42 °C C -10 °C to 110 °C D 20 °C to 50 °C

16

The Celsius temperature scale is based on which two fixed points?

A Freezing point and boiling point of water B Absolute zero and boiling point of water C Freezing point of mercury and boiling point of mercury D Melting point of ice and melting point of wax

17

A liquid-in-glass thermometer has a linear scale. This means that:

A equal temperature intervals correspond to equal lengths of the liquid column B the thermometer can measure only one fixed temperature C the liquid in the thermometer expands non-uniformly with temperature D the thermometer has no fixed points

18

Diffusion is faster in gases than in liquids because gas particles:

A are more closely packed B move more slowly C have higher average kinetic energy D have stronger attractive forces

19

Which of the following is NOT a fixed point used to calibrate a thermometer?

A Melting point of ice B Boiling point of water C Freezing point of mercury D Triple point of water

20

Which of the following is a fixed point on the Celsius scale?

A Ice point at 0 °C B Steam point at 100 °C C Both ice point and steam point D Room temperature

21

Clinical thermometers usually have a constriction to:

A increase the range B prevent mercury from falling back into the bulb C make the thermometer cheaper D change the scale

22

The process by which particles spread from an area of high concentration to low concentration is called:

A Diffusion B Osmosis C Convection D Radiation

23

Which statement best describes the motion of particles in a solid?

A They move freely from place to place B They vibrate about fixed positions C They are completely stationary D They expand to fill the container

24

What is the normal body temperature of a healthy human in degrees Celsius?

A About 37 °C B About 27 °C C About 47 °C D About 57 °C

25

Which of the following statements best explains why a liquid-in-glass thermometer should have a narrow capillary bore?

A To make the thermometer more sensitive to small temperature changes B To increase the range of temperatures that can be measured C To make the liquid expand more with heat D To reduce the cost of manufacturing the thermometer