1 What is the primary function of root hairs in plants? A To anchor the plant in the soil B To increase surface area for water and mineral absorption C To store excess food D To transport sugars to the leaves
2 Pollination by wind is most common in which type of flowers? A Large, brightly colored flowers B Flowers with nectar and scent C Small, dull-colored flowers with no scent D Flowers with sticky pollen
3 Which plant adaptation helps halophytes survive in high-salt environments? A Osmotic adjustments B Reduced stomata C Thick cuticle D Deep roots
4 The endodermis is a layer of cells that: A absorbs water and minerals. B regulates the flow of water into the xylem. C transports food. D stores starch.
5 During stomatal opening, which ion moves into the guard cells, causing water to enter by osmosis? A Calcium ions B Chloride ions C Potassium ions D Sodium ions
6 What is the main function of root hairs? A To anchor the plant B To store food C To absorb water and minerals D To transport sugars
7 What is the main driving force for the ascent of xylem sap? A Root pressure B Transpirational pull C Capillary action D Active transport
9 The movement of water molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane is called: A Diffusion B Osmosis C Active transport D Transpiration
10 Which of the following is a macronutrient required for protein synthesis? A Nitrogen B Iron C Manganese D Zinc
11 Which agent is responsible for pollination in plants with light, dry pollen grains? A Wind B Insects C Water D Animals
12 Which of the following is a micronutrient required by plants in small amounts? A Nitrogen B Phosphorus C Potassium D Zinc
16 Which of these is NOT an artificial vegetative propagation method? A Cutting B Grafting C Layering D Fragmentation
17 The pressure flow hypothesis explains the transport of: A Water in xylem B Minerals in xylem C Food in phloem D Gases in leaves
18 Which of the following factors would increase the rate of transpiration? A High humidity B Low temperature C High wind speed D Closed stomata
19 Which tissue is responsible for the transport of water and minerals in plants? A Phloem B Xylem C Cortex D Epidermis
20 What is the primary force responsible for the upward movement of water in the xylem? A Root pressure B Transpirational pull C Capillary action D Active transport
21 Which of the following is a symptom of nitrogen deficiency in plants? A Chlorosis (yellowing) of older leaves B Reddish spots on leaves C Death of growing points D Purple coloration of stems
22 What is the process called when pollen tube releases male gametes into the ovule? A Fertilization B Pollination C Germination D Dispersal