1 What is the main function of red blood cells? A To fight infection B To carry oxygen C To produce hormones D To store nutrients
2 Which of these is a specialized plant cell that controls gas exchange? A Mesophyll cell B Guard cell C Root hair cell D Epidermal cell
3 In plant cells, what structure forms during cytokinesis? A Cleavage furrow B Phragmoplast C Cell plate D Spindle fibers
4 Which type of endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes attached to its surface? A Smooth ER B Rough ER C Golgi apparatus D Lysosome
5 Which type of endoplasmic reticulum is involved in lipid synthesis? A Rough ER B Smooth ER C Both rough and smooth ER D Neither rough nor smooth ER
6 What is the main function of the large central vacuole in a plant cell? A To produce energy through cellular respiration B To store water and maintain turgor pressure C To synthesize lipids and detoxify substances D To package and modify proteins
7 Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell? A Nucleus B Mitochondrion C Ribosome D Golgi apparatus
8 What is the role of the G0 phase? A Cell division B DNA replication C Cell cycle arrest D Chromosome alignment
9 Which of the following is found in plant cell walls but not in fungal cell walls? A Chitin B Peptidoglycan C Cellulose D Lignin
10 What is the jelly-like substance inside the nucleus called? A Cytosol B Nucleoplasm C Matrix D Stroma
11 During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate? A Anaphase I B Anaphase II C Metaphase I D Telophase I
12 Which of the following is a benign tumor? A A tumor that invades nearby tissues B A tumor that spreads to distant sites C A tumor that remains localized D A tumor that is always cancerous
13 Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse of the cell' because it produces most of the cell's energy? A Mitochondrion B Ribosome C Golgi apparatus D Lysosome
14 Which structure forms during cytokinesis in plant cells? A Cleavage furrow B Cell plate C Spindle fiber D Centriole
15 What is the main purpose of meiosis? A To produce identical diploid cells B To produce haploid gametes and increase genetic variation C To repair damaged tissues D To replicate DNA during interphase
16 Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton? A Provides shape and support to the cell B Produces energy C Stores water D Synthesizes proteins
18 Which organelle is involved in the breakdown of fatty acids and detoxification? A Smooth ER B Rough ER C Lysosome D Peroxisome
19 What is the term for the spread of cancer cells from one part of the body to another? A Metastasis B Benign tumor C Malignant tumor D Carcinogenesis
20 Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis? A Lysosome B Ribosome C Golgi apparatus D Vacuole
21 Which of the following is an error in mitosis that can lead to cancer? A Crossing over B Non-disjunction C Gene mutation D Synapsis
22 Which phase of the cell cycle is a temporary exit where cells perform normal functions but do not prepare for division? A G0 phase B G1 phase C S phase D G2 phase
23 What is the main component of the cell wall in fungi? A Cellulose B Chitin C Peptidoglycan D Lignin
24 What is the result of non-disjunction during meiosis? A Normal gametes B Gametes with an abnormal number of chromosomes C Increased genetic diversity D Cancer development
25 In which phase of the cell cycle does the cell grow and carry out normal functions? A G1 phase B S phase C G2 phase D M phase