1 Which of the following is a macronutrient required for protein synthesis? A Nitrogen B Iron C Manganese D Zinc
2 What is the main function of root hairs? A To anchor the plant B To store food C To absorb water and minerals D To transport sugars
3 The movement of water molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane is called: A Diffusion B Osmosis C Active transport D Transpiration
4 The movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from a region of higher water potential to lower water potential is called: A Diffusion B Osmosis C Active transport D Translocation
5 The endodermis is a layer of cells that: A absorbs water and minerals. B regulates the flow of water into the xylem. C transports food. D stores starch.
6 Which adaptation helps xerophytes reduce transpiration? A Large, broad leaves B Sunken stomata C Thin cuticle D Numerous stomata on upper surface
7 Which macronutrient is a key component of proteins and nucleic acids? A Phosphorus B Potassium C Nitrogen D Magnesium
9 Which macronutrient is a core component of chlorophyll and is essential for photosynthesis? A Iron B Magnesium C Calcium D Sulfur
10 Halophiles are plants adapted to: A Dry environments B Salty environments C Aquatic environments D Moderate environments
12 The pressure flow hypothesis explains the transport of food in: A Xylem B Phloem C Cortex D Endodermis
13 Which of the following factors increases the rate of transpiration? A High humidity B Low temperature C High wind speed D Closed stomata
14 Xerophytes are plants adapted to: A Dry habitats B Waterlogged habitats C Salty habitats D Moderate habitats
15 Symplastic movement of water occurs: A Along cell walls. B Through the cytoplasm via plasmodesmata. C Through the apoplast. D Outside the root.
16 Which theory explains the upward movement of water in the xylem? A Pressure flow hypothesis B Cohesion-tension theory C Active transport theory D Diffusion theory
17 During stomatal opening, which ion moves into the guard cells, causing water to enter by osmosis? A Calcium ions B Chloride ions C Potassium ions D Sodium ions
18 The pressure flow hypothesis explains: A the movement of water in xylem. B the movement of food in phloem. C the opening and closing of stomata. D the absorption of minerals by roots.
19 Which of the following factors would increase the rate of transpiration? A High humidity B Low temperature C High wind speed D Closed stomata
20 Which theory explains the upward movement of water in the xylem of tall trees? A Pressure flow hypothesis B Cohesion-tension theory C Root pressure theory D Active transport theory
21 What is the function of the endodermis in roots? A It regulates the flow of water and minerals into the vascular cylinder. B It stores starch. C It transports sugars. D It absorbs water.
22 The pressure flow hypothesis explains the transport of: A Water in xylem B Minerals in xylem C Food in phloem D Gases in leaves
24 Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of excretion in plants? A Storage of wastes in vacuoles B Shedding of leaves C Excretion through kidneys D Release of resins and gums
25 Which of the following is a micronutrient required by plants in small amounts? A Nitrogen B Phosphorus C Potassium D Zinc