2 Where do the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) take place? A Thylakoid membrane B Stroma C Cytoplasm D Mitochondrial matrix
3 Where does glycolysis occur in the cell? A Mitochondrial matrix B Cytoplasm C Inner mitochondrial membrane D Stroma
4 Which product is formed when skeletal muscles carry out lactic acid fermentation? A Ethanol and carbon dioxide B Lactic acid only C Glucose and oxygen D Acetyl-CoA and NADH
6 Which part of the ATP molecule stores the energy that is released when ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP? A The adenine ring B The ribose sugar C The bond between the second and third phosphate groups D The bond between adenine and ribose
7 Where is the electron transport chain located in aerobic respiration? A Cytoplasm B Mitochondrial matrix C Inner mitochondrial membrane D Outer mitochondrial membrane
8 Where does the Krebs cycle occur? A Cytoplasm B Mitochondrial matrix C Inner mitochondrial membrane D Thylakoid membrane
10 Which of the following is a product of the light-dependent reactions? A Glucose B Carbon dioxide C NADPH D Water
11 In which part of the chloroplast do the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place? A Stroma B Thylakoid membrane C Outer membrane D Intermembrane space
13 Where does glycolysis take place? A Mitochondrial matrix B Cytoplasm C Inner mitochondrial membrane D Nucleus
14 Which stage of aerobic respiration produces the most ATP? A Glycolysis B Krebs cycle C Electron transport chain D Fermentation
15 In which organelle does aerobic respiration mainly occur? A Chloroplast B Ribosome C Mitochondrion D Golgi apparatus
16 In which organisms does lactic acid fermentation occur? A Yeast B Bacteria C Skeletal muscles D Plants
17 What is the source of oxygen released during photosynthesis? A Carbon dioxide B Glucose C Water D ATP
18 Which pigment is the main photosynthetic pigment? A Chlorophyll-a B Chlorophyll-b C Carotenoid D Xanthophyll
19 Which of the following is produced during alcoholic fermentation? A Lactic acid and ATP B Ethanol and carbon dioxide C Pyruvic acid and oxygen D Glucose and water
20 What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration? A It is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain B It breaks down glucose directly C It produces ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation D It is a product of the Krebs cycle
21 What is the correct sequence of aerobic respiration? A Glycolysis → Krebs cycle → Electron transport chain B Krebs cycle → Glycolysis → Electron transport chain C Electron transport chain → Glycolysis → Krebs cycle D Glycolysis → Electron transport chain → Krebs cycle
22 Which of the following is produced during the light-dependent reactions? A Glucose B NADPH C Carbon dioxide D Pyruvic acid
24 Which part of ATP is responsible for its high-energy bonds? A Adenine B Ribose C Phosphate groups D Deoxyribose
25 What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle? A To produce ATP B To produce NADPH C To fix carbon dioxide into glucose D To split water